Zn–air batteries are developing toward high efficiency and durability, which cannot separate from the support of electrolyte with excellent performance in all aspects (R. Furthermore, it further affects the capacity, cycling stability, and charging and discharging efficiency of the cell ( Pei et al., 2014). The performance of electrolytes directly determines the ionic conductivity and interfacial properties of the Zn–air battery in operation. The role of electrolytes has been overlooked compared to the hot research on bifunctional air electrodes for Zn–air batteries. Meanwhile, its inherent features, including safety and lower cost, make it one of the most promising next-generation batteries ( Fu et al., 2017 Tan et al., 2017 Han et al., 2019). Zn–air battery has high specific energy (1,218 Wh Furthermore, the general perspective is proposed for designing and fabricating electrolytes to improve the performance and prolong the lifetime of Zn–air batteries. We highlight the recent developments of three different electrolytes in zinc–air battery: aqueous electrolyte, room temperature ionic liquid, and quasi-solid flexible electrolyte. The discussion on the surface reaction relationships was covered between air–catalyst–electrolyte and electrolyte–zinc reaction mechanism. This paper reviews the most recent progress in designing and fabricating electrolytes in aqueous and flexible Zn–air batteries. An electrolyte is the crucial part of the rechargeable Zn–air batteries that determine their capacity, cycling stability, and lifetime. There are many challenges in electrolytes for developing high-performance rechargeable Zn–air cells as well as electrocatalysts.
Zn–air battery is considered as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation batteries for energy storage due to safety, high energy density, and low cost. Future Energy Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.Peng Chen Keyi Zhang Dejian Tang Weilin Liu Fancheng Meng Qiuwei Huang Jiehua Liu *
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